Breaching Experiments on the New York City Subway

In an investigation of norms, psychologist Stanley Milgram has graduate student researchers ask strangers on the NY subway to give up their seat during rush hour for no apparent reason.  Surprisingly, the experiment produced anxiety and physical illness in the researchers (including Milgram).  Student researchers reported that they are still traumatized by the experience thirty years later.

Excuse Me. May I Have Your Seat?

Here is a NY Times article about this research, titled "Excuse Me. May I Have Your Seat?" http://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/14/nyregion/14subway.html?pagewanted=all&...

Did many of the strangers

Did many of the strangers stand up?

yes!

In the 1974 study, 68% of strangers did give up their seat.

That is unusual how the

That is unusual how the experiment produced such affects? How could the correlation between illness and the experiment be proven? It would be pragmatic to assume a spurious relationship.
Cheers!

Actually I think the link is

Actually I think the link is not hard to corroborate. Just try breaking a norm. The literature in ethnomethodology describes a number of "breaching experiments" like these that were used to investigate social norms starting in the 1960s. If you try to break a strong social norm, you'll feel the effects -- due to acute embarrassment. Flushed face, nausea, perspiration, etc. were all described by Milgram and that's what happens to me as well when I embarrass myself. However, I'm not sure how they made a case for permanent trauma.